Knowledge popularization of diodes, transistors, and inductors 2

3. Light Emitting Diodes

Light emitting diodes are devices that can convert electrical energy into light energy, commonly used in indicator lights, digital tubes, display screens, and other applications. The working principle of light-emitting diodes is similar to that of ordinary diodes, but their structure and materials are different. The color and brightness of a light-emitting diode depend on its semiconductor material and doping type. diode

2、 Transistor

A transistor, also known as a crystal transistor, is a semiconductor device composed of three regions: the emitter region, the base region, and the collector region. Transistors have multiple functions such as amplification, switching, and voltage stabilization, and are widely used in various electronic devices. diode

1. Magnifying effect

The amplification function of a transistor is one of its most important functions. By controlling the base current, the collector current can be amplified by tens or even hundreds of times. The amplification factor of a transistor depends on its working state, load resistance, and other factors. diode

2. Function of the switch

The switching function of a transistor is to convert an input signal into an output signal, commonly used in low-frequency switching circuits, timers, and other applications. In the on/off state, the collector current of a transistor can reach several hundred milliamps or even several amperes, so the transistor is also known as an "electronic switch".  diode

3. Voltage stabilizing effect

The transistor can also be used as a voltage regulator to control the collector current through the base voltage, thereby achieving stable control of the output voltage. The transistor regulator has the advantages of simplicity, reliability, and low cost, and is commonly used in power circuits of various electronic devices.  diode