What is a transistor, the principle, application, and historical development of transistors 1

Transistor is a very important electronic component, which is one of the most basic components in electronic devices and also one of the cores of modern electronic technology. The emergence of transistors has reduced the size, power consumption, and speed of electronic devices, thereby promoting the development of modern electronic technology. This article will provide a detailed introduction to the historical development, working principles, types, and applications of transistors.

1、 The Historical Development of Transistor

The inventors of the transistor BAT54S were American physicists William Shockley, John Bardeen, and Walter Brattain, who invented the transistor at Bell Labs in 1947. Transistors are made of semiconductor materials, and compared to vacuum tubes, they have smaller size, lower power consumption, faster speed, and longer lifespan, making them widely used.

2、 The working principle of Transistor

A Transistor is a three-layer semiconductor device consisting of an n-type semiconductor and a p-type semiconductor, with a very thin layer of p-type semiconductor sandwiched in between. These three layers are called the emitter, base, and collector, respectively. The working principle of a transistor is to use an external voltage to control the base current, which in turn controls the magnitude of the collector current.