How to use a transistor

The principle of operation is to understand how to use a transistor or the main part of a transistor. How does it work? There are three terminals in the transistor:

      Base: It provides the base for the transistor electrodes.

      Emitter: The resulting charge carrier.

      Collector: The resulting charge carrier.

    If the transistor is NPN type, we need to apply a voltage of 0.7v to trigger it and apply this voltage to the transistor tu of the base transistor to turn on the forward bias condition and the current begins to flow through the collector to the emitter (also known as the saturation region). When the transistor is in a reverse biased state or the base pin is grounded or without voltage, the transistor remains in the cut-off state and does not allow current to flow from the collector to the emitter (also known as the cut-off region).

    If the transistor is PNP type, it is usually ON, but not perfect, until the base pin is fully grounded. When the base pin is grounded, the transistor is in a reverse biased state or known as the on state. As a power supply supplied to the base pin, it stops the current conduction from the collector to the emitter, and the transistor is in a cut-off or forward biased state.

    To protect the transistor, we connect a resistor in series and find the value of this resistor using the following formula:

    R B = V BE /I B

    Different types of transistor:

    transistor are mainly divided into two categories: bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) and field-effect transistors (FETs). Further we can divide it as follows:

    Bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) p Bipolar junction transistor consist of doped semiconductors with three terminals, namely base, emitter, and collector. In this process, holes and electrons are involved. By modifying the small current from the base to the emitting terminal, a large amount of current flowing into the collector to emitter is switched. These are also known as currently controlled devices. As mentioned earlier, NPN and PNP are the two main parts of BJT. BJT turns on by providing input to the base because all of its transistors have low impedance. All transistors also have high magnification.